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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pediatricjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Архив педиатрии и детской хирургии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Archives of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2949-4664</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3033-6783</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НИКИ детства Минздрава Московской области</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31146/2949-4664-apps-2-3-27-39</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pediatricjournal-108</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENETICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Распространенность генетических маркеров целиакии в различных популяциях</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Prevalence of genetic markers of celiac disease in different populations</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5792-2012</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Янкина</surname><given-names>Г. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yankina</surname><given-names>G. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6395-0407</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондратьева</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondratieva</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3043-8674</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лошкова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Loshkova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">loshkova.ev@ssmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Сибирский государственный медицинский университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Siberian state medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский клинический институт детства Министерства здравоохранения Московской области; ФГБНУ «Медико-генетический научный центр имени академика Н.П. Бочкова»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Research Clinical Institute of Childhood of the Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region; Federal state budgetary scientific institution Medical Genetic Research Center named after Academican N.P. Bochkov<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>27</fpage><lpage>39</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Янкина Г.Н., Кондратьева Е.И., Лошкова Е.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Янкина Г.Н., Кондратьева Е.И., Лошкова Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yankina G.N., Kondratieva E.I., Loshkova E.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nikid.ru/jour/article/view/108">https://journal.nikid.ru/jour/article/view/108</self-uri><abstract><p>Несмотря на то, что целиакия описано давно, роль генетических факторов и механизмов предрасположенности и/или резистентности к целиакии до настоящего времени окончательного не определена. Такие факторы, как наличие HLA (гетеродимеры DQ2 и DQ8) и глютена в качестве триггера необходимы, но не достаточны для реализации целиакии. Это утверждение подтверждают работы, показывающие, что целиакия диагностировалась у пациентов без присутствия каких-либо признанных факторов риска. Долгое время считалось, что целиакия редко встречается в Азии, но несколько исследований, опубликованных в течение двух последних десятилетий, показали, что Ц выявляется и столь же широко распространена на Индийском субконтиненте и Ближнем Востоке, как и в западных странах. Среди стран Дальнего Востока сообщения о Ц особенно редки как в Корее, так и в Японии, однако выявляемость случаев заболевания в этих странах неуклонно растет. Крайне интересен анализ распространенности HLA-гаплотипов в популяции японцев, как примера, «неклассической» популяции, в которой частоты могут не соответствовать, тем частотам, которые описаны для Западной Европы. Таким образом, увеличение количества полногеномных исследований, размеров выборки позволяет не только нанести на генетическую карту целиакии новые регионы предрасположенности, но и новые генетические варианты уже известных генов, а также новые гены, что в свою очередь позволяет выявлять, детализировать уже известные механизмы развития и прогрессирования заболевания на пути к его терапии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Despite the fact that celiac disease has been described for a long time, the role of genetic factors and mechanisms of predisposition and/or resistance to celiac disease has not yet been fully determined. Factors such as the presence of HLA (heterodimers of DQ2 and DQ8) and gluten as a trigger are necessary but not sufficient for the development of celiac disease. This statement is supported by studies showing that celiac disease has been diagnosed in patients without the presence of any recognized risk factors. For a long time, celiac disease was considered rare in Asia, but several studies published over the past two decades have shown that CD is detected and as widespread in the Indian subcontinent and the Middle East as in Western countries. Among the Far Eastern countries, reports of CD are particularly rare in both Korea and Japan, but the incidence of the disease in these countries is steadily increasing. Of great interest is the analysis of the prevalence of HLA haplotypes in the Japanese population, as an example of a “non-classical” population, in which the frequencies may not correspond to those described for Western Europe. Thus, an increase in the number of genome-wide studies and sample sizes allows not only to map new regions of predisposition to the genetic map of celiac disease, but also new genetic variants of already known genes, as well as new genes, which in turn allows us to identify and detail already known mechanisms of development and progression of the disease on the way to its therapy.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>целиакия</kwd><kwd>HLA-гаплотипы</kwd><kwd>не-HLA-гены</kwd><kwd>рефрактерная целиакия</kwd><kwd>серонегативная целиакия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>сeliac disease</kwd><kwd>HLA haplotypes</kwd><kwd>non-HLA genes</kwd><kwd>refractory celiac disease</kwd><kwd>seronegative celiac disease</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lebwohl B., Sanders D.S., Green P.H.R. Coeliac disease. 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