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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pediatricjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Архив педиатрии и детской хирургии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Archives of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2949-4664</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3033-6783</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НИКИ детства Минздрава Московской области</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31146/2949-4664-apps-3-2-16-24</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pediatricjournal-159</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клиническая, лабораторная и рентгенологическая характеристика поражения легких у госпитализированных детей с бронхиальной астмой и бронхоэктазами</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics of lung damage in pediatric patients hospitalized with bronchial asthma and bronchiectasis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6923-6060</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колганова</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolganova</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Колганова Наталия Игоревна, аспирант, лаборант кафедры педиатрии Медицинского института; врач-педиатр</p><p>ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6, г. Москва, 117198</p><p>4-й Добрынинский пер., д. 1/9, г. Москва, 119049</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nataliya I. Kolganova, postgraduate student, laboratory assistant, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Institute; pediatrician</p><p>6, Miklukho-Maklaya str., Moscow, 117198</p><p>1/9, 4th Dobryninsky lane, Moscow, 119049</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.n.kolganova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4961-384X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Овсянников</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ovsyannikov</surname><given-names>D. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Овсянников Дмитрий Юрьевич, д. м. н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой педиатрии Медицинского института; врач-пульмонолог</p><p>ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6, г. Москва, 117198</p><p>4-й Добрынинский пер., д. 1/9, г. Москва, 119049</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry Yu. Ovsyannikov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Pediatrics, Medical Institute; pulmonologist</p><p>6, Miklukho-Maklaya str., Moscow, 117198</p><p>1/9, 4th Dobryninsky lane, Moscow, 119049</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mdovsyannikov@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9871-7832</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аюшин</surname><given-names>Э. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ayushin</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аюшин Эрдэн Игоревич, аспирант кафедры общественного здоровья, здравоохранения и гигиены Медицинского института</p><p>ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6, г. Москва, 117198</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Erden I. Ayushin, postgraduate student, Department of Public Health, Healthcare, and Hygiene, Medical Institute; </p><p>6, Miklukho-Maklaya str., Moscow, 117198</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">den.ayushin@icloud.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0352-2563</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Деева</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Deeva</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Деева Евгения Викторовна, к.м.н., заведующая отделением пульмонологии</p><p>4-й Добрынинский пер., д. 1/9, г. Москва, 119049</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniya V. Deeva, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of Pulmonology Department</p><p>1/9, 4th Dobryninsky lane, Moscow, 119049</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mdgkb@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7937-722X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпенко</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpenko</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карпенко Максим Александрович, к.м.н., доцент кафедры педиатрии; врач-пульмонолог медицинского центра «Южный»</p><p>ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6, г. Москва, 117198</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maksim A. Karpenko, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics; pulmonologist,Medical Center “Yuzhny”</p><p>6, Miklukho-Maklaya str., Moscow, 117198</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">karpenko.ma@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малышев</surname><given-names>О. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malyshev</surname><given-names>O. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Малышев Олег Геннадьевич, ассистент кафедры педиатрии; врач-пульмонолог</p><p>ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6, г. Москва, 117198</p><p>4-й Добрынинский пер., д. 1/9, г. Москва, 119049</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg G. Malyshev, Lecturer, Department of Pediatrics; pulmonologist</p><p>6, Miklukho-Maklaya str., Moscow, 117198</p><p>1/9, 4th Dobryninsky lane, Moscow, 119049</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">omalyshev03@vk.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6648-2063</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пушков</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pushkov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пушков Александр Алексеевич, к.б.н., ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории медицинской геномики</p><p>Ломоносовский пр-т, д. 2, стр. 1, г. Москва, 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander A. Pushkov, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Leading Researcher, Medical Genomics Laboratory</p><p>2, building 1, Lomonosovsky prospekt, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pushkovgenetika@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4885-4171</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савостьянов</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savostyanov</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Савостьянов Кирилл Викторович, д.б.н., начальник медико-генетического центра, заведующий лабораторией медицинской геномики</p><p>Ломоносовский пр-т, д. 2, стр. 1, г. Москва, 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kirill V. Savostyanov, Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Head of Medical Genetics Center, Head of the Laboratory of Medical Genomics</p><p>2, building 1, Lomonosovsky prospekt, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">savostyanovkv@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2082-5531</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стрельникова</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Strelnikova</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Стрельникова Валерия Алексеевна, ассистент кафедры педиатрии Медицинского института</p><p>ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6, г. Москва, 117198</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valeriya A. Strelnikova, Lecturer, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Institute</p><p>6, Miklukho-Maklaya str., Moscow, 117198</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doc.strelnikova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы»; ГБУЗ «Морозовская детская городская клиническая больница ДЗМ»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba; Morozovskaya Children’s City Clinical Hospital<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Морозовская детская городская клиническая больница ДЗМ»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Morozovskaya Children’s City Clinical Hospital<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей» Минздрава России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>16</fpage><lpage>24</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Колганова Н.И., Овсянников Д.Ю., Аюшин Э.И., Деева Е.В., Карпенко М.А., Малышев О.Г., Пушков А.А., Савостьянов К.В., Стрельникова В.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Колганова Н.И., Овсянников Д.Ю., Аюшин Э.И., Деева Е.В., Карпенко М.А., Малышев О.Г., Пушков А.А., Савостьянов К.В., Стрельникова В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kolganova N.I., Ovsyannikov D.Y., Ayushin E.I., Deeva E.V., Karpenko M.A., Malyshev O.G., Pushkov A.A., Savostyanov K.V., Strelnikova V.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nikid.ru/jour/article/view/159">https://journal.nikid.ru/jour/article/view/159</self-uri><abstract><p>Недиагностированные коморбидные состояния являются частой причиной трудности достижения контроля бронхиальной астмы (БА). Одним из коморбидных состояний при БА являются бронхоэктазы (БЭ).</p><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Представить клиническую, лабораторную и рентгенологическую характеристику поражения легких у госпитализированных детей с БА и БЭ.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. С января 2023 г. по июль 2025 г. наблюдались госпитализированные в ГБУЗ «Морозовская детская городская клиническая больница ДЗМ» пациенты с БА и БЭ. Критериями включения в исследование были детский возраст, диагноз БА и наличие БЭ, не связанных с муковисцидозом. Применялись клинико-анамнестический анализ, аллергологические и иммунологические исследования, рентгенография, компьютерная томография органов грудной клетки, фибробронхоскопия с микробиологическим исследованием жидкости бронхоальвеолярного лаважа, исследование функции внешнего дыхания, а также изучение двигательной активности ресничек, генетические тесты.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В период с 1 января 2023 г. по 1 июля 2025 г. в отделение пульмонологии ГБУЗ «Морозовская детская городская клиническая больница ДЗМ» было госпитализировано 19 детей с БА и БЭ, что составило 1,4% от числа всех госпитализированных за этот период детей с астмой (19/1392). Среди пациентов с БА и БЭ было 10 (53%) мальчиков; на момент госпитализации медиана возраста пациентов составила 9,0 [7,0; 11,0] года; дебют астмы приходился на возраст 1,5 [0,54; 2,0] года, стаж БА составлял 8,0 [5,5; 10,0] года, при этом медиана времени от появления первых симптомов БА до установления диагноза была 5,5 [2,75; 8,5] года. При поступлении 17 (89%) детей отмечали снижение толерантности к физической нагрузке, 15 (79%) — одышку, 10 (53%) — сухой кашель; у 6 (32%) пациентов имелись сухие свистящие хрипы, у 3 (16%) — свистящее дыхание; уровень эозинофилов и моноцитов составлял соответственно 0,22 [0,07; 0,34] и 0,42 [0,33; 0,46] кл/мкл; медиана исходного объема форсированного выдоха за 1 сек. составляла 80,0 [47,0; 89,0]%. Семейный аллергоанамнез был отягощен у 12 (63%) пациентов, у 10 (53%) имелся сопутствующий аллергический ринит, у 6 (32%) — атопический дерматит; у 2 (11%) пациентов была подтверждена первичная цилиарная дискинезия; у большинства — 15 (79%) детей — БА была атопическая, у 4 (21%) — неатопическая. На момент включения в исследование у 13 (68%) детей степень тяжести астмы расценивалась как средняя, у 3 (16%) — как легкая, у 3 (16%) — как тяжелая; у 6 (32%) пациентов БА была частично контролируемая, у 4 (21%) — неконтролируемая; 10 (53%) детей были госпитализированы в отделение в связи с обострением БА. У большинства (13, 69%) пациентов по данным КТ органов грудной клетки БЭ обнаруживались в средней доле правого и/или язычковых сегментах левого легкого; у 14 (74%) пациентов БЭ расценивались как тракционные. У большинства пациентов (13/16) наблюдался гнойный эндобронхит. Наиболее часто при посеве жидкости бронхоальвеолярного лаважа определялась H. influenzae.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. На основании одноцентрового исследования представлена клинико-лабораторная и рентгенологическая характеристика госпитализированных пациентов детского возраста с БА и БЭ.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Undiagnosed comorbid conditions are a common cause of difficulty in achieving control of bronchial asthma (BA). One of the comorbid conditions in asthma is bronchiectasis (BE).</p><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To characterize clinical, laboratory, and radiological features of lung damage in children hospitalized for asthma and BE.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Patients with asthma and BA were observed at the Morozovskaya Children’s City Clinical Hospital from January 2023 to July 2025. The criteria for inclusion in the study were pediatric age, confirmed asthma, and the presence of BE unrelated to cystic fibrosis. The following diagnostic tools were used: analysis of clinical history, allergology and immunology tests, radiography, thoracic computed tomography, fiberoptic bronchoscopy with microbiological examination of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, pulmonary function test, as well as the study of ciliary motility, and genetic tests.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In the period from January 1, 2023 to July 1, 2025 19 children with asthma and BE admitted to the Department of Pulmonology at the Morozovskaya Children’s City Clinical Hospital accounted for 1,4% of all children with asthma hospitalized during this period (19/1392). There were 10 (53%) male patients with asthma and BE; at the moment of admission, the median age of patients was 9.0 [7.0; 11.0] years; the median age at the onset of asthma was 1,5 [0.54; 2.0] years, asthma duration was 8,0 [5.5; 10.0] years, while the median length diagnostic delay was 5,5 [2.75; 8.5] years. Upon admission, 17 (89%) children reported a decrease in exercise tolerance, 15 (79%) — shortness of breath, 10 (53%) — dry cough; 6 (32%) patients had dry wheezing, 3 (16%) — wheezing. The levels of eosinophils and monocytes were respectively 0,22 [0.07; 0.34] and 0,42 [0.33; 0.46] cl/ml; median forced expiratory volume in 1 sec. was 80,0 [47.0; 89.0]%. A positive family history of allergy was present in 12 (63%) patients, concomitant allergic rhinitis in 10 (53%), and atopic dermatitis in 6 (32%). Primary ciliary dyskinesia was confirmed in 2 (11%) patients, while atopic asthma prevailed in 15 (79%), and non-atopic asthma in 4 (21%). At the time of enrollment, 13 (68%) patients had moderate asthma, 3 (16%) mild asthma, and 3 (16%) severe asthma; 6 (32%) patients had partially controlled asthma, and 4 (21%) uncontrolled asthma; 10 (53%) patients were hospitalized for asthma exacerbation. Chest CT scans revealed BE in the middle lobe of the right and/or lingual segments of the left lung in 13 (69%) patients, while 14 (74%) patients had traction BE. The majority of patients (13/16) had purulent endobronchitis. The most common pathogen detected in the culture of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was H. influenzae.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. A single-center study was conducted to characterize the clinical, laboratory and radiological outcomes in pediatric patients hospitalized with asthma and BA.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бронхиальная астма</kwd><kwd>бронхоэктазы</kwd><kwd>первичная цилиарная дискинезия</kwd><kwd>коморбидность</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bronchial asthma</kwd><kwd>bronchiectasis</kwd><kwd>primary ciliary dyskinesia</kwd><kwd>comorbidity</kwd><kwd>pediatric patients</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Global Initiative for аsthma (GINA): Global strategy for asthma management and prevention. 2025. URL: http://www.ginasthma.org [дата обращения 01.09.2025].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Global Initiative for аsthma (GINA): Global strategy for asthma management and prevention. 2025. 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