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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pediatricjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Архив педиатрии и детской хирургии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Archives of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2949-4664</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3033-6783</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НИКИ детства Минздрава Московской области</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.66825/2949-4664-apps-3-3-26-37</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pediatricjournal-228</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эпидемиологическое значение окружающей домашней среды у больных муковисцидозом с хронической инфекцией легких, вызванной Pseudomonas aeruginosa</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Epidemiological significance of home environment for cystic fibrosis patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3826-3733</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сиянова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Siyanov</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сиянова Екатерина Алексеевна, к. б. н., научный сотрудник лаборатории эпидемиологии госпитальных инфекций</p><p>ул. Гамалеи, д. 18, г. Москва, 123098</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina A. Siyanova, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Nosocomial Infections</p><p>18 Gamaleya str., Moscow, 123098</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hal-katy@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2349-8556</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чернуха</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernukha</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чернуха Марина Юрьевна, д. м. н., заведующая лабораторией эпидемиологии госпитальных инфекций; главный научный сотрудник</p><p>ул. Гамалеи, д. 18, г. Москва, 123098; ул. Большая Серпуховская, д. 62, г. Москва, 115093</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina Yu. Chernukha, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Nosocomial Infections; Senior Researchers, Scientific Research Clinical Institute of Childhood</p><p>18 Gamaleya str., Moscow, 123098; 62 Bolshaya Serpukhovskaya str., Moscow, 115093</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chernukha@gamaleya.org</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9053-2515</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аветисян</surname><given-names>Л. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avetisyan</surname><given-names>L. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аветисян Лусине Ремуальдовна, д. м. н., заведующий лабораторией эпидемиологии оппортунистических инфекций, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории эпидемиологии госпитальных инфекций </p><p>ул. Гамалеи, д. 18, г. Москва, 123098</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lusine R. Avetisyan, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Nosocomial Infections</p><p>18 Gamaleya str., Moscow, 12309</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lusavr@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1988-7775</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Медведева</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Medvedeva</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Медведева Ольга Сергеевна, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории эпидемиологии госпитальных инфекций</p><p>ул. Гамалеи, д. 18, г. Москва, 123098</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga S. Medvedeva, Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Nosocomial Infections</p><p>18 Gamaleya str., Moscow, 123098</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olgamedw.olga@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8183-7990</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воронкова</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voronkova</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Воронкова Анна Юрьевна, к. м. н., ведущий научный сотрудник научно-клинического отдела муковисцидоза; ведущий научный сотрудник отдела наследственных и метаболических заболеваний; врач-педиатр отделения муковисцидоза </p><p>ул. Москворечье, д. 1, г. Москва, 115522; ул. Большая Серпуховская, д. 62, г. Москва, 115093</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna Yu. Voronkova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Leading Researcher, Scientific and Clinical Department of Cystic Fibrosis; Pediatrician, Cystic Fibrosis Department</p><p>1 Moskvorechye str., Moscow, 115522; 62 Bolshaya Serpukhovskaya str., Moscow, 115093</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">voronkova111@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6395-0407</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондратьева</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondratieva</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кондратьева Елена Ивановна, д. м. н., профессор, руководитель научно-клинического отдела муковисцидоза; зав. кафедрой генетики болезней дыхательной системы Института высшего и  дополнительного  профессионального образования; зам. директора по науке, руководитель центра наследственных заболеваний легких  </p><p>ул. Москворечье, д. 1, г. Москва, 115522; ул. Большая Серпуховская, д. 62, г. Москва, 115093</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena I. Kondrateva, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Head of Scientific Department of Cystic Fibrosis; Vice-Director for Research, Head of the Center for Hereditary Lung Diseases</p><p>1 Moskvorechye str., Moscow, 115522; 62 Bolshaya Serpukhovskaya str., Moscow, 115093</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elenafpk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6592-8331</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бурмистров</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Burmistrov</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бурмистров Егор Михайлович, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории эпидемиологии госпитальных инфекций</p><p>ул. Гамалеи, д. 18, г. Москва, 123098</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Egor M. Burmistrov, Research Scientist, Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Nosocomial Infections</p><p>18 Gamaleya str., Moscow, 123098</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chetusha2006@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1647-5815</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поляков</surname><given-names>Н. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polyakov</surname><given-names>N. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Поляков Никита Борисович, научный сотрудник лаборатории индикации и  ультраструктурного анализа микроорганизмов </p><p>ул. Гамалеи, д. 18, г. Москва, 123098</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikita B. Polyakov, Researcher, Laboratory of Indication and Ultrastructural Analysis of Microorganisms</p><p>18 Gamaleya str., Moscow, 123098</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">polyakovnb@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7389-6157</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соловьев</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solovyev</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соловьев Андрей Иванович, д. б. н., научный сотрудник лаборатории индикации и  ультраструктурного анализа микроорганизмов</p><p>ул. Гамалеи, д. 18, г. Москва, 123098</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey I. Solovyev, Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Researcher, Laboratory of Indication and Ultrastructural Analysis of Microorganisms</p><p>18 Gamaleya str., Moscow, 123098</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dronnias@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4653-2446</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жуховицкий</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhukhovitsky</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жуховицкий Владимир Григорьевич, к. м. н., заведующий лабораторией индикации и ультраструктурного анализа микроорганизмов; доцент кафедры биохимии и иммунопатологии</p><p>ул. Гамалеи, д. 18, г. Москва, 123098; ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1, г. Москва, 125993</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir G. Zhukhovitsky, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of Laboratory of Indication and  ltrastructural Analysis of Microorganisms; Assoc. Prof., Department of Biochemistry and Immunopathology</p><p>18 Gamaleya str., Moscow, 123098</p><p>2/1, 1 Barrikadnaya str., Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhukhovitsky@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5013-3360</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жекайте</surname><given-names>E. K.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhekayte</surname><given-names>E. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жекайте Елена Кястутисовна, к. м. н., старший научный сотрудник отдела муковисцидоза; врач-педиатр отделения муковисцидоза </p><p>ул. Москворечье, д. 1, г. Москва, 115522; ул. Большая Серпуховская, д. 62, г. Москва, 115093</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena K. Zhekayte, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher, Department of Cystic Fibrosis, Scientific and Clinical Department of Cystic Fibrosis; Department of Cystic Fibrosis, Scientific</p><p>1 Moskvorechye str., Moscow, 11552; 62 Bolshaya Serpukhovskaya str., Moscow, 115093</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elena_zhekayte@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный исследовательский центр эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. почетного академика Н.Ф. Гамалеи» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.F. Gamaleya National Research Centre of Epidemiology and Microbiology</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный исследовательский центр эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. почетного академика Н.Ф. Гамалеи» Минздрава России; ГБУЗ МО «Научно-исследовательский клинический институт детства Минздрава Московской области»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.F. Gamaleya National Research Centre of Epidemiology and Microbiology; Scientific Research Clinical Institute of Childhood, Ministry of Health of the Moscow Oblast</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Медико-генетический научный центр им. академика Н.П. Бочкова»; ГБУЗ МО «Научно-исследовательский клинический институт детства Минздрава Московской области»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Centre for Medical Genetics; Scientific Research Clinical Institute of Childhood, Ministry of Health of the Moscow Oblast</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный исследовательский центр эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. почетного академика Н.Ф. Гамалеи» Минздрава России; ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.F. Gamaleya National Research Centre of Epidemiology and Microbiology; Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>26</fpage><lpage>37</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сиянова Е.А., Чернуха М.Ю., Аветисян Л.Р., Медведева О.С., Воронкова А.Ю., Кондратьева Е.И., Бурмистров E.M., Поляков Н.Б., Соловьев А.И., Жуховицкий В.Г., Жекайте E.K., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сиянова Е.А., Чернуха М.Ю., Аветисян Л.Р., Медведева О.С., Воронкова А.Ю., Кондратьева Е.И., Бурмистров E.M., Поляков Н.Б., Соловьев А.И., Жуховицкий В.Г., Жекайте E.K.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Siyanov E.A., Chernukha M.Y., Avetisyan L.R., Medvedeva O.S., Voronkova A.Y., Kondratieva E.I., Burmistrov E.M., Polyakov N.B., Solovyev A.I., Zhukhovitsky V.G., Zhekayte E.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nikid.ru/jour/article/view/228">https://journal.nikid.ru/jour/article/view/228</self-uri><abstract><p>Для больных муковисцидозом (МВ) фактором риска является инфицирование дыхательных путей бактериями Pseudomonas aeruginosa, S. aureus, B. cepacia complex и другими представителями НГОБ. Недостаточная дезинфекция объектов внешней среды и предметов ухода за больными детьми, циркуляция возбудителей в окружающей домашней среде может приводить к повторному заражению и суперинфекции.</p><p>Цель работы — определение эпидемиологического значения окружающей домашней среды в инфицировании детей, больных муковисцидозом (МВ), бактериями P. aeruginosa и оценка эффективности профилактических мер в домашних условиях.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В ходе исследования проанализированы условия проживания 27 детей с хронической инфекцией легких, вызванной P. aeruginosa, страдающих МВ, и их семей. Изучены 265 проб, взятых с объектов домашней внешней среды. Отбор проб с поверхностей осуществляли методом смывов. Исследование проводилось с помощью бактериологических и молекулярно-генетических методов.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Анализ анкет показал, что 26% семей детей, больных МВ, не использовали моющие или дезинфицирующие средства для ухода за ингаляторами. 41% семей не выдерживали определенное время (режим) дезинфекции раковин. 83% раковин санузлов были контаминированы микроорганизмами. Среди выделенных микроорганизмов частота высева P. aeruginosa составила 20%. Мониторинг домашней среды показал, что основными резервуарами P. aeruginosa являлись сливы раковин, а также выявлена контаминация синегнойной палочкой масок небулайзеров и зубных щеток. Данные, полученные методом ПЦР при изучении изолятов P. aeruginosa, выделенных из разных объектов, указывают на возможность циркуляции одного генотипа в домашней среде. Исследования эффективности профилактических мер по дезинфекции небулайзеров и раковин показали, что они являются недостаточными. После проведения дезинфекции с поверхностей 22% небулайзеров высевали условно-патогенные микроорганизмы. С фильтров компрессоров небулайзеров и зубных щеток выделяли A. lwoffii, Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans и S. aureus, которые могут инфицировать легкие пациентов с CF, в том числе в ассоциации с P. aeruginosa.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Обязательным для больных с МВ для достижения эрадикации возбудителей инфекции легких должен стать контроль за микробиологическими рисками в домашней среде, включающий регулярный мониторинг и строгие протоколы обработки ключевых объектов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. For patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), respiratory tract infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, S. aureus, B. cepacia complex, and other non-fermenting bacteria (NGOs) are significant risk factors. Insufficient disinfection of environmental objects and care items used by children suffering from cystic fibrosis, as well as the circulation of pathogens in the home environment, can lead to reinfection and superinfection.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To determine the epidemiological significance of the home environment in the transmission of P. aeruginosa bacteria to children with CF and to evaluate the effectiveness of preventive measures at home.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The living conditions of 27 children with CF with a chronic lung infection caused by P. aeruginosa and their families were assessed. A total of 265 samples collected from home environmental objects were analyzed. Surface samples were collected using swabs. The study was conducted using bacteriological and molecular genetic methods.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. An analysis of questionnaires revealed that 26% of families of children with CF did not use detergents or disinfectants to care for their inhalers. 41% of families did not adhere to the specified time (schedule) for sink disinfection. 83% of bathroom sinks were contaminated with microorganisms. Among the isolated microorganisms, the rate of P. aeruginosa isolation was 20%. Monitoring of the home environment revealed that sink drains were the main reservoirs of P. aeruginosa. Pseudomonas aeruginosa contamination of nebulizer masks and toothbrushes was also detected. PCR data obtained from studying P. aeruginosa isolates from different objects indicate the possibility of the circulation of a single genotype in the home environment. The effectiveness of preventive measures for disinfecting nebulizers and sinks was established to be insufficient. After disinfection, opportunistic pathogens were isolated from 22% of nebulizer surfaces. A. lwoffii, Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, and S. aureus were isolated from nebulizer compressor filters and toothbrushes. These bacteria can infect the lungs of patients with CF, including in association with P. aeruginosa.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Control over microbiological risks in the home environment, including regular monitoring and strict protocols for the treatment of key objects, should be mandatory for patients with CF to achieve eradication of lung pathogens.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</kwd><kwd>домашняя среда</kwd><kwd>муковисцидоз</kwd><kwd>хроническая инфекция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</kwd><kwd>home environment</kwd><kwd>cystic fibrosis</kwd><kwd>chronic lung infection</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Внешнее финансирование не привлекалось.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">No external funding was attracted.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Муковисцидоз. Издание 2 е., переработанное и дополненное (под редакцией Н.Ю. 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