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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pediatricjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Архив педиатрии и детской хирургии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Archives of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2949-4664</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3033-6783</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НИКИ детства Минздрава Московской области</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.66825/2949-4664-apps-4-1-57-65</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pediatricjournal-264</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Реабилитация новорожденных и детей первого года жизни, перенесших среднетяжелую и тяжелую асфиксию в родах</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rehabilitation of newborns and infants under one year of age who have suffered moderate to severe asphyxia during childbirth</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5682-7957</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Позднякова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pozdnyakova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Позднякова Мария Александровна, врач-невролог, врач функциональной диагностики ГБУ Московской области «Московский областной перинатальный центр Министерства здравоохранения Московской области», научный сотрудник отдела неонатальной медицины и когнитивного развития ГБУЗ Московской области «НИКИ детства Минздрава Московской области»</p><p>141009, Московская обл., г. Мытищи, ул. Коминтерна, д. 24а, стр. 1 </p><p>143900, Московская обл., г. Балашиха, ш. Энтузиастов, д. 12 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria A. Pozdnyakova, neurologist, functional diagnostics specialist at the Moscow Regional Perinatal Center of the Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region, researcher at the Department of Neonatal Medicine and Cognitive Development at the Research and Clinical Institute of Childhood of the Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region </p><p>Building 1, 24а Kominterna stг., Mytishchi, Moscow region, Russia, 141009 </p><p>12 Entuziastov highway, Balashikha, Moscow region, Russia, 143900 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nevrolog-m@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский клинический институт детства Министерства здравоохранения Московской области; Московский областной перинатальный центр Министерства здравоохранения Московской области</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research and Clinical Institute of Childhood of the Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region; Moscow Regional Perinatal Center of the Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>57</fpage><lpage>65</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Позднякова М.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Позднякова М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pozdnyakova M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nikid.ru/jour/article/view/264">https://journal.nikid.ru/jour/article/view/264</self-uri><abstract><p>Асфиксия в родах среди доношенных новорожденных является одной из наиболее частых причин неонатальной заболеваемости и смертности в большинстве стран мира. Длительное кислородное голодание плода приводит к задержке развития и вызывает дистрофические изменения структур головного мозга, в том числе дыхательного и сосудодвигательного центров. Около 15–20% таких новорожденных погибает в неонатальном периоде, у 25% выживших отмечаются неврологические нарушения разной степени тяжести. Отдаленные исходы остро возникающей асфиксии в родах и последующей гипоксической ишемической энцефалопатии (ГИЭ) в младенчестве также приводят к задержке психоречевого и моторного развития, корковой слепоте, сенсоневральной тугоухости, эпилепсии, детскому церебральному параличу и нередко – к летальному исходу.</p><p>Цель обзора. На основании современных литературных источников продемонстрировать эффективность ранней непрерывной реабилитации новорожденных, перенесших асфиксию среднетяжелой и тяжелой степени тяжести.</p><p>Проведен анализ 37 российских и зарубежных публикаций за последние десять лет.</p><p>Применение комплексных реабилитационных программ в максимально ранние сроки, обеспечение непрерывности восстановительного лечения детей, перенесших среднетяжелую и тяжелую асфиксию, позволят достичь наиболее эффективных результатов в снижении неврологического дефицита, формирования тяжелых исходов и инвалидизации этой когорты детей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Asphyxia in birth among full-term newborns is one of the most common causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality in the majority of countries around the world. Prolonged oxygen deprivation in the foetus leads to developmental delays and causes dystrophic changes in the brain structures, including the respiratory and vasomotor centers. About 15–20% of such newborns die during the neonatal period, and 25% of survivors have neurological disorders of varying severity. Longterm outcomes of acute asphyxia during childbirth and subsequent hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in infancy also lead to delayed psychomotor and speech development, cortical blindness, sensorineural hearing loss, epilepsy, cerebral palsy, and often to death. The aim of the review: on the basis of the modern literature references, to demonstrate the effectiveness of the early continuous rehabilitation of newborns who have suffered from moderate to severe asphyxia. The analysis of 37 Russian and foreign articles published during last 10 years was performed. The use of comprehensive rehabilitation programs as early as possible, as well as ensuring the continuity of rehabilitation treatment for children who have suffered from moderate to severe asphyxia, will allow to achieve the most effective results in reducing neurological deficits, severe outcomes, and disability in this cohort of children.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>асфиксия</kwd><kwd>гипоксическая ишемическая энцефалопатия</kwd><kwd>детский церебральный паралич</kwd><kwd>реабилитация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>infants</kwd><kwd>asphyxia</kwd><kwd>hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy</kwd><kwd>cerebral palsy</kwd><kwd>rehabilitation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Левченко В.Д., Батышева Т.Т., Титоренко Н.Ю. Научное наследие. 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