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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pediatricjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Архив педиатрии и детской хирургии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Archives of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2949-4664</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3033-6783</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НИКИ детства Минздрава Московской области</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31146/2949-4664-apps-2-1-196-207</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pediatricjournal-73</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Нейрофиброматозы: патоморфологический и клинический полиморфизм, эффективность таргетной терапии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Neurofibromatoses: pathomorphological and clinical polymorphism, efficacy of targeted therapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3275-5099</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цоцонава</surname><given-names>Ж. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsotsonava</surname><given-names>Zh. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">tsotsonava02@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5203-3600</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ткачева</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tkacheva</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гасанова</surname><given-names>С. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gasanova</surname><given-names>S. .</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дзейтова</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dzeitova</surname><given-names>A. .</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Астраханский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Astrakhan State Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>196</fpage><lpage>207</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Цоцонава Ж.М., Ткачева Н.В., Гасанова С.Р., Дзейтова А.М., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Цоцонава Ж.М., Ткачева Н.В., Гасанова С.Р., Дзейтова А.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tsotsonava Z.M., Tkacheva N.V., Gasanova S..., Dzeitova A...</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nikid.ru/jour/article/view/73">https://journal.nikid.ru/jour/article/view/73</self-uri><abstract><p>Нейрофиброматозы - это группа наследственных моногенных заболеваний с вариабельной экспрессивностью, характеризующаяся развитием множественных опухолей в тканях нейроэктодермального происхождения. Несмотря на схожесть фенотипических проявлений, каждая из форм отличается по спектру клинических проявлений, возрасту дебюта первых симптомов, тяжести течения, подходам к лечению, результаты которого отражаются на прогнозе и качестве жизни больных. В статье представлен анализ данных отечественных и зарубежных исследований по изучению различных форм нейрофиброматоза. Приведены особенности патогенеза, клиники, молекулярно-генетических основ заболевания, современные возможности диагностики и лечения, в том числе на примере 2-х собственных клинических наблюдений.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Neurofibromatoses are a group of inherited monogenic diseases with variable expression, characterized by the development of multiple tumors in tissues of neuroectodermal origin. Despite the similarity of phenotypic manifestations, each form differs in the spectrum of clinical manifestations, onset age of the first symptoms, severity of course, and approaches to treatment, the results of which are reflected in the prognosis and patients’ quality of life. The article analyzes the data from domestic and foreign studies on various forms of neurofibromatosis. The diagnostic criteria, pathogenesis, molecular considerations, and clinical manifestations, as well as treatment, including the example of 2 own clinical observations are discussed in this article.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нейрофиброматоз</kwd><kwd>шванноматоз</kwd><kwd>классификация</kwd><kwd>таргетная терапия</kwd><kwd>гиперпигментные пятна</kwd><kwd>фибромы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>neurofibromatosis</kwd><kwd>schwannomatosis</kwd><kwd>classification</kwd><kwd>targeted therapy</kwd><kwd>hyperpigmented spots</kwd><kwd>fibromas</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Le C, Bedocs PM. Neurofibromatosis. 2023 Jan 25. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan-. PMID: 29083784.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Le C, Bedocs PM. Neurofibromatosis. 2023 Jan 25. 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