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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pediatricjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Архив педиатрии и детской хирургии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Archives of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2949-4664</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3033-6783</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НИКИ детства Минздрава Московской области</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31146/2949-4664-apps-2-2-95-102</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pediatricjournal-88</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЙ СЛУЧАЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL CASE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Нейрофиброматоз I типа: краткий обзор и клинический случай</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Neurofibromatosis type 1: short review and clinical case</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нахушева</surname><given-names>Ф. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nakhusheva</surname><given-names>F. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">nakhusheva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения Московской области«Научно-исследовательский клинический институт детства Министерства здравоохранения Московской области»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Reasearch Clinical Institute of Childhood of the Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>95</fpage><lpage>102</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Нахушева Ф.И., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Нахушева Ф.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nakhusheva F.I.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nikid.ru/jour/article/view/88">https://journal.nikid.ru/jour/article/view/88</self-uri><abstract><p>Нейрофиброматоз типа 1 (НФ1) представляет собой распространенное (1/3000) аутосомно-доминантное заболевание, связанное смутацией вгене NF1, расположенном на длинном плече 17 хромосомы (17q11.2). НФ1 диагностируется сиспользованием хорошо известных клинических критериев: пятна цвета «кофе смолоком», «веснушки» вподмышечных ипаховых областях, кожные иподкожные нейрофибромы, глиомы зрительных путей испецифические костные аномалии. Патогномоничным признаком заболевания является плексиформная нейрофиброма (ПН), которая представляет собой доброкачественную опухоль из оболочек периферических нервов ивстречается у30-50% пациентов сНФ1. Кроме обширного спектра клинических проявлений, таких как болевой синдром, двигательные, дыхательные нарушения, неврологический дефицит, косметический дефект имеется около 15% риска трансформации ПН взлокачественную опухоль из оболочек периферических нервов (ЗООПН). Следует отметить, что лечение ПН является сложной задачей, которая не имеет одного стандартного решения. Так, оперативное вмешательство, которое являлось «золотым стандартом» иостается одним из основных методов лечения, несет существенные риски, такие как постоперационный неврологический дефицит, высокий риск интраоперационных кровотечений исопровождается большим процентом рецидивов. Поэтому появление таргетной терапии иприменение ее на территории РФ с2021года внесло значительный вклад влечение симптоматических неоперабельных плексиформных нейрофибром.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is acommon (1/3000) autosomal dominant disorder associated with amutation in the NF1 gene, located on the long arm of chromosome 17 (17q11.2). NF1 is diagnosed using well-known clinical criteria: café au lait spots, axillary and inguinal freckles, cutaneous and subcutaneous neurofibromas, optic pathway gliomas, and specific bone abnormalities. The pathognomonic feature of the disease is plexiform neurofibroma (PN), which is abenign peripheral nerve sheath tumor that occurs in 30-50% of patients with NF1. In addition to awide range of clinical manifestations, such as pain, motor, respiratory disorders, neurological deficits, cosmetic defects, etc., there is about a15% risk for the development of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST). And it should be noted that the treatment of PN is acomplex task that does not have one standard solution. Thus, surgical treatment, which was the “gold standard” and remains one of the main methods of therapy, carries significant risks, such as postoperative neurological deficit, ahigh risk of intraoperative bleeding and is accompanied by ahigh percentage of relapses. Therefore, the emergence of targeted therapy and its use in the Russian Federation since 2021 has made asignificant contribution to the treatment of symptomatic inoperable plexiform neurofibromas.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нейрофиброматоз</kwd><kwd>нейрофиброма</kwd><kwd>глиома</kwd><kwd>пятна Лиша</kwd><kwd>плексиформная нейрофиброма</kwd><kwd>таргетная терапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>neurofibromatosis</kwd><kwd>neurofibroma</kwd><kwd>glioma</kwd><kwd>Lisch nodules</kwd><kwd>plexiform neurofibroma</kwd><kwd>targeted therapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Miraglia E., Moliterni E., Iacovino C. et al. Cutaneous manifestations in neurofibromatosis type 1. 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