Rhinocytogram results in children with prolonged rhinitis
https://doi.org/10.31146/2949-4664-apps-3-1-15-22
Abstract
Background. Cytological examination of nasal mucus (rhinocytogram) is a non-invasive and cost-eff ective diagnostic method which can be used by pediatricians, infectious disease specialists, otolaryngologists, and allergists-immunologists to clarify the diagnosis in patients with prolonged nasal congestion. Herein, we report nasal cytology data in children without a confi rmed diagnosis.
Objective. To assess the frequency of occurrence of various cytological changes in rhinocytogram data in children referred to an allergist/immunologist to clarify the cause of prolonged nasal congestion.
Patients and methods. We analyzed the results of rhinocytogram in 344 patients aged 2–18 years with long-term nasal congestion (more than two weeks), referred by doctors for consultation with an allergist/immunologist in the period from October 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023. All patients were examined on an outpatient basis at Children’s City Clinic No. 94 in Moscow (Russia).
Results. According to the rhinocytogram data, 56.6% of children showed changes in the cytological profi le of the type of infectious rhinitis. This included an increase in infl ammatory cells — neutrophils, lymphocytes, neutrophils — from a moderate amount to covering the entire fi eld of view with a normal level of eosinophils. In 10.6% of patients, mixed rhinitis was detected, with an increased level of infl ammatory cells in combination with hypereosinophilia more than 15% in the visual fi eld. In 28.4%, no signifi cant changes were detected. In 4.4% of patients, it was not possible to obtain suffi cient material to study the sample.
Conclusions. In children who contacted an allergist/immunologist due to prolonged rhinitis, the rhinocytogram data most frequently revealed an infectious etiology. Cytological examination of nasal mucus is an accessible and informative method for differential diagnosis in cases of prolonged rhinitis in children.
About the Authors
D. Sh. Macharadze
Gabrichevsky Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
T. A. Ruzhentsova
Moscow Medical University “REAVIZ”
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
N. A. Meshkova
Sechenov Moscow Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
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Review
For citations:
Macharadze D.Sh., Ruzhentsova T.A., Meshkova N.A. Rhinocytogram results in children with prolonged rhinitis. Archives of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery. 2025;3(1):16-23. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31146/2949-4664-apps-3-1-15-22
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