TRAIL receptors in the pathogenesis of urticaria: Analysis of current data
https://doi.org/10.66825/2949-4664-apps-3-3-81-88
Abstract
Introduction. Elucidation of the mechanisms of urticaria chronification remains a key challenge in clinical immunology. Dysregulation of apoptosis via the TRAIL/TRAIL-R system is a promising direction in identifying new pathogenetic targets and biomarkers.
Materials and methods. An analytical literature review was conducted. A systematic search was performed across the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, eLibrary, and CyberLeninka databases for the period from 2000 to 2025. A total of 97 publications meeting the inclusion criteria were selected and analyzed. The method of comparative pathogenetic analysis was applied.
Results. Fundamental differences in the state of the TRAIL/ TRAIL-R system between acute and chronic urticaria (CU) were established. In its acute form, a compensatory increase in soluble receptors (sTRAIL-R1/R2) is observed, which limits apoptosis. In CU, a pathological imbalance develops; thus, a persistent decrease in the membrane expression of functional TRAIL-R1/R2 receptors on immune cells is coupled with an increase in their soluble antagonistic forms. This dual defect leads to impaired clearance of activated cells and persistence of inflammation. The parameters of the TRAIL/TRAIL-R system demonstrate a high diagnostic and prognostic potential for patient stratification and assessment of therapy response.
Conclusions. Dysfunction of the TRAIL/TRAIL-R system is a significant pathogenetic link in the chronification of urticaria. Its quantitative and qualitative parameters are promising as clinical biomarkers. For implementation into practice, standardized multicenter studies are required, including those considering age-related characteristics in children.
Keywords
urticaria,
chronic spontaneous urticaria,
apoptosis,
programmed cell death,
TRAIL,
TNFRSF10B,
DR4,
DR5,
soluble receptors,
biomarkers
Supporting agencies: No external funding was attracted.
About the Authors
E. V. Krasilova
Astrakhan State Medical University
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Elena V. Krasilova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Clinical Immunology with a Postgraduate Course
121 Bakinskaya St., Astrakhan, 414000
Competing Interests:
The authors declare no conflict of interest
O. A. Bashkina
Astrakhan State Medical University
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Olga A. Bashkina, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of Department of Faculty Pediatrics
121 Bakinskaya St., Astrakhan, 414000
Competing Interests:
The authors declare no conflict of interest
T. N. Shelepova
Astrakhan State Medical University
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Tatiana N. Shelepova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Clinical Immunology with a Postgraduate Course
121 Bakinskaya St., Astrakhan, 414000
Competing Interests:
The authors declare no conflict of interest
L. P. Voronina
Astrakhan State Medical University
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Lyudmila P. Voronina, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of Department of Clinical Immunology with a Postgraduate Course
121 Bakinskaya St., Astrakhan, 414000
Competing Interests:
The authors declare no conflict of interest
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Review
For citations:
Krasilova E.V., Bashkina O.A., Shelepova T.N., Voronina L.P. TRAIL receptors in the pathogenesis of urticaria: Analysis of current data. Archives of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery. 2025;3(3):81-88. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.66825/2949-4664-apps-3-3-81-88
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